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861.
张贝 (2022-08-31 22:40):
#paper DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.06.038 Gastroenterology. 2022, Altered Mycobiota Signatures and Enriched Pathogenic Aspergillus rambellii Are Associated With Colorectal Cancer Based on Multicohort Fecal Metagenomic Analyses. 本文通过对来自不同国家人群的7个已发表数据集以及1个内部队列,共计1329例粪便样本的宏基因组分析(包括454例CRC患者、350例腺瘤患者和525例健康受试者),揭示了CRC患者和健康受试者的真菌丰度差异物种。其中Aspergillus rambellii在体外和CRC异种移植小鼠模型中均促进结直肠肿瘤的发生,提示Aspergillus rambellii在内的真菌可作为CRC诊断的生物标志物。此外,CRC患者肠道内真菌-真菌、真菌-细菌相互作用明显增强,且与CRC病程呈正相关;联合使用真菌与细菌的生物标志物可在临床上更准确地诊断CRC。
IF:25.700Q1 Gastroenterology, 2022-10. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.06.038 PMID: 35724733
Abstract:
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The enteric mycobiota is a major component of the human gut microbiota, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains largely elusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to … >>>
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The enteric mycobiota is a major component of the human gut microbiota, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains largely elusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to uncover the contribution of the fungal mycobiota to CRC.METHODS: We retrieved fecal metagenomic data sets from 7 previous publications and established an additional in-house cohort, totaling 1329 metagenomes (454 with CRC, 350 with adenoma, and 525 healthy individuals). Mycobiota composition and microbial interactions were analyzed. Candidate CRC-enriched fungal species (Aspergillus rambellii) was functionally validated in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS: Multicohort analysis revealed that the enteric mycobiota was altered in CRC. We identified fungi that were associated with patients with CRC or adenoma from multiple cohorts. Signature CRC-associated fungi included 6 enriched (A rambellii, Cordyceps sp. RAO-2017, Erysiphe pulchra, Moniliophthora perniciosa, Sphaerulina musiva, and Phytophthora capsici) and 1 depleted species (A kawachii). Co-occurrent interactions among CRC-enriched fungi became stronger in CRC compared with adenoma and healthy individuals. Moreover, we reported the transkingdom interactions between enteric fungi and bacteria in CRC progression, of which A rambellii was closely associated with CRC-enriched bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum. A rambellii promoted CRC cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in xenograft mice. We further identified that combined fungal and bacterial biomarkers were more accurate than panels with pure bacterial species to discriminate patients with CRC from healthy individuals (the area under the curve relative change increased by 1.44%-10.60%).CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals enteric mycobiota signatures and pathogenic fungi in stages of colorectal tumorigenesis. Fecal fungi can be used, in addition to bacteria, for noninvasive diagnosis of patients with CRC. <<<
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862.
旺旺小小酥 (2022-08-31 22:36):
#paper The Next Generation Intelligent Automation:HyperAutoMation, Vol. 19.2022,doi:10.4301/S1807-1775202219009 该文章是结合2020年Gartner出具的一篇有关超自动化的调研报告,结合目前自动化技术及应用程度进行的综合性调研和研究。考虑到超自动化是个较新的概念,作者先从超自动化的概念及背景入手,具体分析超自动化所用到的各种技术栈、编码语言及相应的建设路径。套路就跟当初DevOps、AIOps或者是云原生概念出来一样,从基本概念延申至超自动化组成部分最终至实施路径,将超自动化归属于新一代的智能自动化。 既然是概念性的产物,文中有一套框架范围体系对超自动化进行界定:1.识别和优化算法支撑流程挖掘、任务挖掘及流程分析 2.在1的基础上,继续扩展,降本增效的技术范围如RPA、低代码平台、PaaS、工作路径流程及商业逻辑工具(iBPMS\决策管理\业务规则管理) 3.在2的基础上,通过AI进行自动化增强,如ML、NLP、OCR、CV、虚拟助手及聊天机器人啥的。 文末也大致泛泛地给出了在不同行业中适用超自动化建设场景,但仅限参考意义,实际建设方案只能算是很小的一个范围。总结下来,算是对超自动化的一个探索,作者本身并没有真正超自动化建设落地经验,可以作为对超自动化建设相关数字化转型的参考材料。
Abstract:
One of the buzzwords in the technological world is “Hyperautomation”. Hyperautomation is the new technological phenomenon in which it can bring intelligent automation processes using Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Artificial … >>>
One of the buzzwords in the technological world is “Hyperautomation”. Hyperautomation is the new technological phenomenon in which it can bring intelligent automation processes using Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML) and other technologies. It has a good amount of business applications; that is why many tech giants and start-ups are putting huge investments to reap the fruits of Hyperautomation. The data was collected from different secondary sources from 1-4-2020 to 31-7-2021. The rationale of this conceptual manuscript is to explain the definitions, concepts, technologies and models behind Hyperautomation. This study also emphasis in-depth benefits of hyper-automation specifically in Banking & Finance sector. Moreover, the study also presents some of the industry test cases to explain the Hyperautomation adoption level by different countries across the globe. <<<
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863.
哪有情可长 (2022-08-31 21:57):
#paper The integrated genomics of crop domestication and breeding , Cell. 2022 Sep 20;9(10):944. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.036. 这是一篇关于作物驯化和育种中整合基因组学的综述,野生植物驯化成农作物是一个长期且伴随着人类文明发展的一个重要事件。驯化的成功有一大部分原因是人工选择的结果。例如小麦的驯化的现在研究的方向主要为脆轴性、落粒性等。在2006年cell发表了一篇”The Molecular Genetics of Crop Domestication“综述,该片主要重点讲述了驯化的分子遗传机制。随着测序技术的发展,以及测序在作物群体中的应用,使得作物驯化的研究从单个基因的点扩展到整个作物基因组的面,故2022年这篇对于驯化的文章主要是从基因组学、群体遗传学、遗传学图谱和功能基因组学等方面在作物驯化领域应用及取得的进展,期望能够利用复杂的遗传信息的方法来高效的从头设计物种或者对野生种进行重新驯化。
IF:45.500Q1 Cell, 2022-07-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.036 PMID: 35643084
Abstract:
As a major event in human civilization, wild plants were successfully domesticated to be crops, largely owing to continuing artificial selection. Here, we summarize new discoveries made during the past … >>>
As a major event in human civilization, wild plants were successfully domesticated to be crops, largely owing to continuing artificial selection. Here, we summarize new discoveries made during the past decade in crop domestication and breeding. The construction of crop genome maps and the functional characterization of numerous trait genes provide foundational information. Approaches to read, interpret, and write complex genetic information are being leveraged in many plants for highly efficient de novo or re-domestication. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of crop microevolution and applying the knowledge to agricultural productions will give possible solutions for future challenges in food security. <<<
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864.
芝麻 (2022-08-31 21:33):
#paper IGF1R upregulation confers resistance to isoform-specific inhibitors of PI3K in PIK3CA-driven ovarian cancer, Cell Death Dis. 2018 Sep 20;9(10):944. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-1025-8. PIK3CA突变导致的(PI3K)通路的过度激活发生在20%以上的卵巢癌患者中,是卵巢癌的一个潜在药物靶点。但是卵巢癌PI3Ki的临床试验中,患者对治疗会产生耐药。因此,临床迫切需要开发新的药物应对PI3Ki的耐药。作者通过对比抗PI3Ki vs PI3Ki敏感的PIK3CA突变OC细胞系来寻找导致PI3Ki耐药的分子机制。作者发现在耐药细胞系中,AKT/mTOR的持续激活是导致PI3Ki耐药的主要原因。通过体外敲除关键因子IGF1R,可以逆转PI3Ki的耐药,并且IGF1R抑制剂在体外和体内显示出有效的抗肿瘤活性。总之,作者研究证明,PI3K和IGF1R的双重抑制可能被视为PIK3CA驱动的OC的一种新的治疗策略。
IF:8.100Q1 Cell death & disease, 2018-09-20. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1025-8 PMID: 30237504
Abstract:
Genomic alterations (GA) in PIK3CA leads to the hyper-activation of the phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in more than 20% of ovarian cancer (OC) patients. Therefore, PI3K therapies are under … >>>
Genomic alterations (GA) in PIK3CA leads to the hyper-activation of the phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in more than 20% of ovarian cancer (OC) patients. Therefore, PI3K therapies are under clinical evaluation for this subset of patients. Evidently, in clinical trials testing the efficacy of isoform-specific inhibitors of PI3K (PI3Ki), patients having a stable disease eventually relapse, as tumors become resistant to treatment. Hence, there is an urgent clinical need to develop new therapeutic combinations to improve the efficacy of PI3Ki in PIK3CA-driven OC patients. Here we identified the molecular mechanism that limits the efficacy of the beta-sparing PI3Ki, Taselisib (GDC0032), in PIK3CA-mutated OC cell lines (IGROV1 and OAW42) that acquired resistance to GDC0032. By comparing the molecular profile of GDC0032-sensitve and -resistant OC cell lines, we found that AKT/mTOR inhibition is required for GDC0032 efficacy. In resistant cells, the sustained activation of AKT/mTOR was regulated by the upregulation of the insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). Knockdown of IGF1R re-sensitized cells to GDC0032 in vitro, and the combination of AEW541, an IGF1R inhibitor, with GDC0032 exhibited potent anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. We further demonstrated that IGF1R regulates tumor cell proliferation in IGROV1 cells, whereas in OAW42, it determines autophagy as well. Overall, our findings suggest that the dual inhibition of PI3K and IGF1R may be considered as a new therapeutic strategy in PIK3CA-driven OC. <<<
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865.
笑对人生 (2022-08-31 21:18):
#paper Dynamic patterns of microRNA expression during acute myeloid leukemia state-transition. Sci Adv. 2022 Apr 22;8(16):eabj1664. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abj1664. miRNAs是一类长度为21nt的非编码RNA,自1993年首次发现以来,至今已将近30年。在机体内,miRNAs大多数扮演微调的角色。既往的研究已证明miRNAs能作为急性髓系白血病(AML)预后的生物标志物。Inv(16)是与急性髓系白血病密切相关的一种常见染色体易位,携带该变异的患者占总AML患者的5%。该白血病亚型的分子特征是染色体上的CBFB和MYH11基因的相互易位产生CBFB-MYH11融合基因。本研究利用敲入Cbfb-MYH11融合基因小鼠的PBMC,首次绘制AML从疾病开始到进展的动态miRNAs图谱,测序技术使用的是基于PAGE(聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳)进行片段筛选的miRNA-seq。研究将每只小鼠的 miRNA 转录组作为准电位中经历布朗运动的粒子,并分成两个稳态,受扰动的造血c1和AMLc2,这两个稳态由不稳定的过渡态(c3)隔开。进一步地将AML疾病由发生到进展划分为四个不同的事件,最终获得四个反映不同疾病进展的miRNAs集。基于先前来自相同小鼠模型PBMC的mRNA测序数据,研究证实了miRNA表达谱在描述疾病进展过程,与mRNA表达相比,具有一定相似性。更为重要的是,该研究发现mmu-miR-126a在疾病发展进程中表达逐渐上调,并与5个AML致病基因(Prkd1、Egfl7、Wt1、Kite和Cbfb-MYH11)的表达高度正相关。此外,还发现了先前未报道的,但与5个致病基因表达高度正相关的miRNAs,分别是mmu-miR-31 和 mmu-miR-340。
IF:11.700Q1 Science advances, 2022-04-22. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj1664 PMID: 35452289
Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to hold prognostic value in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, the temporal dynamics of miRNA expression in AML are poorly understood. Using serial samples from … >>>
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to hold prognostic value in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, the temporal dynamics of miRNA expression in AML are poorly understood. Using serial samples from a mouse model of AML to generate time-series miRNA sequencing data, we are the first to show that the miRNA transcriptome undergoes state-transition during AML initiation and progression. We modeled AML state-transition as a particle undergoing Brownian motion in a quasi-potential and validated the AML state-space and state-transition model to accurately predict time to AML in an independent cohort of mice. The critical points of the model provided a framework to align samples from mice that developed AML at different rates. Our mathematical approach allowed discovery of dynamic processes involved during AML development and, if translated to humans, has the potential to predict an individual's disease trajectory. <<<
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866.
半面阳光 (2022-08-31 21:17):
#paper https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gim.2022.04.021. Recommendations for next generation sequencing data reanalysis of unsolved cases with suspected Mendelian disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 这篇文章发表在2022年8月的Genetics in Medicine上,是一篇系统综述。基于NGS的临床全外显子组(WES)和临床全基因组(WGS)测序给孟德尔遗传病的诊断带来了很多进展,但是有超过50%的病例无法从测序结果中得到明确的致病原因。周期性地对这些没有明确结论的测序数据进行重新分析有助于进一步确定致病变异。那么重新分析的患者获益有多少、临床应用的可行性有多大,还有在初次测序后多长时间进行重新分析,以及选择什么方法和工具进行分析都是尚待探究讨论的问题。这篇文章意图分析和解答这些问题。作者采用了meta分析的方法首先对2007年到2021年发表的相关文献进行了检索和初步筛选。接着针对文章的主题,设计了一个文献筛选标准,最终筛选得到29篇研究性文献,包含了9419个未确诊的孟德尔遗传病患者。研究发现,重新分析的整体诊断产出为0.10(95% CI = 0.06-0.13)。大部分诊断结果的更新取决于遗传变异的新文献报道。重新分析得到确诊结果在初次检测的24个月后比较多,但是这个数据并没有统计意义。基于AI的一些新分析工具对于提高重新分析的诊断率并没有显著的价值。此外,对测序数据进行重新分析的研究文章有很大的差异性,这也使得本文的一些关键问题无法得出有意义的结论,作者最后也提出希望可以有标准化指南来指导后续的重新分析研究。除了研究结果和结论本身,这篇文章另一个值得借鉴的内容是其研究方法。在研究方法部分作者参考了很多筛选文献、评估研究数据的标准化方法和指南,这对于我们平时管理文献和数据、从文献中提取关键信息、对变异进行biocuration都很有帮助。作为ACMG的官方期刊,Genetics in Medicine最近发表了不少这方面的综述性文章,以及AI与临床NGS数据分析结合的文章。
Abstract:
PURPOSE: The study aimed to determine the diagnostic yield, optimal timing, and methodology of next generation sequencing data reanalysis in suspected Mendelian disorders.METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis … >>>
PURPOSE: The study aimed to determine the diagnostic yield, optimal timing, and methodology of next generation sequencing data reanalysis in suspected Mendelian disorders.METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that conducted data reanalysis in patients with suspected Mendelian disorders. Random effects model was used to pool the estimated outcome with subgroup analysis stratified by timing, sequencing methodology, sample size, segregation, use of research validation, and artificial intelligence (AI) variant curation tools.RESULTS: A search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science between 2007 and 2021 yielded 9327 articles, of which 29 were selected. Significant heterogeneity was noted between studies. Reanalysis had an overall diagnostic yield of 0.10 (95% CI = 0.06-0.13). Literature updates accounted for most new diagnoses. Diagnostic yield was higher after 24 months, although this was not statistically significant. Increased diagnoses were obtained with research validation and data sharing. AI-based tools did not adversely affect reanalysis diagnostic rate.CONCLUSION: Next generation sequencing data reanalysis can improve diagnostic yield. Owing to the heterogeneity of the studies, the optimal time to reanalysis and the impact of AI-based tools could not be determined with confidence. We propose standardized guidelines for future studies to reduce heterogeneity and improve the quality of the conclusions. <<<
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867.
muton (2022-08-31 21:16):
#paper DOI: 10.1038/nn.4324 A fast pathway for fear in human amygdala 关于杏仁核的多类研究证明其在恐惧中发挥的作用。有一种能够快速到达杏仁核的皮层下通路被认为是为了能够快速检测威胁而进化出来的。这一通路的存在是理解无意识情绪反应的基础,但由于缺乏包括人类在内的灵长类动物杏仁核中短潜伏期恐惧相关反应的证据,如何验证这一通路是一个困难的问题。本文作者记录了人类颅内电生理数据,发现了在刺激开始后的74毫秒,杏仁核对恐惧而不是中性或快乐的面部表情的快速反应。这些反应的潜伏期比我们在视觉皮层观察到的恐惧反应要短得多。值得注意的是,杏仁核的快速反应仅限于恐惧面孔的低空间频率成分。此外,快速的杏仁核反应不会被场景图片唤起,这表明,人们对恐惧的面孔传达的与社会相关的视觉信息有选择性的早期反应。总而言之,本文数据支持了一种系统发育历史悠久的皮层下通路的存在,该通路向人类杏仁核提供快速但粗糙的威胁相关信号。
IF:21.200Q1 Nature neuroscience, 2016-08. DOI: 10.1038/nn.4324 PMID: 27294508
Abstract:
A fast, subcortical pathway to the amygdala is thought to have evolved to enable rapid detection of threat. This pathway's existence is fundamental for understanding nonconscious emotional responses, but has … >>>
A fast, subcortical pathway to the amygdala is thought to have evolved to enable rapid detection of threat. This pathway's existence is fundamental for understanding nonconscious emotional responses, but has been challenged as a result of a lack of evidence for short-latency fear-related responses in primate amygdala, including humans. We recorded human intracranial electrophysiological data and found fast amygdala responses, beginning 74-ms post-stimulus onset, to fearful, but not neutral or happy, facial expressions. These responses had considerably shorter latency than fear responses that we observed in visual cortex. Notably, fast amygdala responses were limited to low spatial frequency components of fearful faces, as predicted by magnocellular inputs to amygdala. Furthermore, fast amygdala responses were not evoked by photographs of arousing scenes, which is indicative of selective early reactivity to socially relevant visual information conveyed by fearful faces. These data therefore support the existence of a phylogenetically old subcortical pathway providing fast, but coarse, threat-related signals to human amygdala. <<<
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868.
DWBin (2022-08-31 20:47):
#paper https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.4137/BBI.S7003 Gene Networks Driving Bovine Mammary Protein Synthesis during the Lactation cycle 作者对乳蛋白合成机制和基因差异表达进行了研究,绘制了乳蛋白基因调控表达网络图。乳蛋白基因的表达受到多个因素调控是个复杂的生物学过程,主要包括氨基酸转运系统、蛋白酪氨酸激酶2信号转导子和转录激活子5信号转导途径和雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号通路。
Abstract:
A crucial role for both insulin and mTOR in the regulation of milk protein synthesis is emerging. Bovine mammary biopsies harvested during late-pregnancy through end of subsequent lactation were used … >>>
A crucial role for both insulin and mTOR in the regulation of milk protein synthesis is emerging. Bovine mammary biopsies harvested during late-pregnancy through end of subsequent lactation were used to evaluate via quantitative PCR the expression of 44 genes involved in pathways of insulin, mTOR, AMPK, and Jak2-Stat5 signalling and also glucose and amino acid (AA) transporters. We observed an increased expression during lactation of ELF5, AA and glucose transporters, insulin signaling pathway components, MAPK14, FRAP1, EIF4EBP2, GSK3A and TSC1 among mTOR signaling-related genes. Among ribosomal components RPL22 was down-regulated. The overall data support a central role of AA and glucose transporters and insulin signaling through mTOR for the regulation of protein synthesis in bovine mammary gland. Furthermore, the existence of translational competition favoring the translation of milk protein transcripts was inferred from the combined dataset. <<<
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869.
lsj (2022-08-31 20:20):
#paper http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2016.12.012 The representation of space in the brain 这是一篇综述文章,主要讲了大脑中空间表征的几类细胞,重点介绍位置细胞、头朝向细胞和栅格细胞,此外还介绍了联合细胞、边界细胞、目标细胞等。这篇文章从不同的细胞入手,分别介绍了生物实验中如何发现这些细胞在哪些脑区,有哪些性质以及神经环路,同时还阐述了这些空间表征的细胞联合协作共同完成空间导航任务。
Abstract:
Animals can navigate vast distances and often display behaviours or activities that indicate a detailed, internal spatial representation of their surrounding environment or a 'cognitive map'. Over a century of … >>>
Animals can navigate vast distances and often display behaviours or activities that indicate a detailed, internal spatial representation of their surrounding environment or a 'cognitive map'. Over a century of behavioural research on spatial navigation in humans and animals has greatly increased our understanding of how this highly complex feat is achieved. In turn this has inspired half a century of electrophysiological spatial navigation and memory research which has further advanced our understanding of the brain. In particular, three functional cell types have been suggested to underlie cognitive mapping processes; place cells, head direction cells and grid cells. However, there are numerous other spatially modulated neurons in the brain. For a more complete understanding of the electrophysiological systems and behavioural processes underlying spatial navigation we must also examine these lesser understood neurons. In this review we will briefly summarise the literature surrounding place cells, head direction cells, grid cells and the evidence that these cells collectively form the neural basis of a cognitive map. We will then review literature covering many other spatially modulated neurons in the brain that perhaps further augment this cognitive map. <<<
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870.
Arwen (2022-08-31 20:18):
#paper https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/2792053 An Atlas of Genetic Correlations and Genetically Informed Associations Linking Psychiatric and Immune-Related Phenotypes 问题:人类基因组揭示了精神疾病和免疫相关联,但是方向性如何? 方法结果:在这项涉及44个显著的精神病学-免疫遗传相关性的遗传相关性研究中,使用双向样本和多变量孟德尔随机化方法,发现了7组精神病学-免疫的基因相关性。
IF:22.500Q1 JAMA psychiatry, 2022-07-01. DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0914 PMID: 35507366
Abstract:
Importance: Certain psychiatric and immune-related disorders are reciprocal risk factors. However, the nature of these associations is unclear.Objective: To characterize the pleiotropy between psychiatric and immune-related traits, as well as … >>>
Importance: Certain psychiatric and immune-related disorders are reciprocal risk factors. However, the nature of these associations is unclear.Objective: To characterize the pleiotropy between psychiatric and immune-related traits, as well as risk factors of hypothesized relevance.Design, Setting, and Participants: This genetic association study was conducted from July 10, 2020, to January 15, 2022. Analyses used genome-wide association (GWA) statistics related to 14 psychiatric traits; 13 immune-related phenotypes, ie, allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders; and 15 risk factors related to health-related behaviors, social determinants of health, and stress response. Genetically correlated psychiatric-immune pairs were assessed using 2-sample mendelian randomization (MR) with sensitivity analyses and multivariable adjustment for genetic associations of third variables. False discovery rate correction (Q value < .05) was applied for each analysis.Exposures: Genetic associations.Main Outcomes and Measures: Genetic correlations and MR association estimates with SEs and P values. A data-driven approach was used that did not test a priori planned hypotheses.Results: A total of 44 genetically correlated psychiatric-immune pairs were identified, including 31 positive correlations (most consistently involving asthma, Crohn disease, hypothyroidism, and ulcerative colitis) and 13 negative correlations (most consistently involving allergic rhinitis and type 1 diabetes). Correlations with third variables were especially strong for psychiatric phenotypes. MR identified 7 associations of psychiatric phenotypes on immune-related phenotypes that were robust to multivariable adjustment, including the positive association of (1) the psychiatric cross-disorder phenotype with asthma (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06), Crohn disease (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05-1.14), and ulcerative colitis (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05-1.14); (2) major depression with asthma (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13-1.37); (3) schizophrenia with Crohn disease (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.18) and ulcerative colitis (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07-1.21); and a negative association of risk tolerance with allergic rhinitis (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.67-0.92).Conclusions and Relevance: Results of this genetic association study suggest that genetic liability for psychiatric disorders was associated with liability for several immune disorders, suggesting that vertical pleiotropy related to behavioral traits (or correlated third variables) contributes to clinical associations observed in population-scale data. <<<
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871.
Ricardo (2022-08-31 20:15):
#paper https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2020.101939 Image registration: Maximum likelihood, minimum entropy and deep learning 这篇文章系统的整理了基于信息理论的配准算法,并构建了一个基于极大似然估计的信息论框架囊括了成对配准算法和组配准算法。核心内容没有很多,就是废话有点多。
Abstract:
In this work, we propose a theoretical framework based on maximum profile likelihood for pairwise and groupwise registration. By an asymptotic analysis, we demonstrate that maximum profile likelihood registration minimizes … >>>
In this work, we propose a theoretical framework based on maximum profile likelihood for pairwise and groupwise registration. By an asymptotic analysis, we demonstrate that maximum profile likelihood registration minimizes an upper bound on the joint entropy of the distribution that generates the joint image data. Further, we derive the congealing method for groupwise registration by optimizing the profile likelihood in closed form, and using coordinate ascent, or iterative model refinement. We also describe a method for feature based registration in the same framework and demonstrate it on groupwise tractographic registration. In the second part of the article, we propose an approach to deep metric registration that implements maximum likelihood registration using deep discriminative classifiers. We show further that this approach can be used for maximum profile likelihood registration to discharge the need for well-registered training data, using iterative model refinement. We demonstrate that the method succeeds on a challenging registration problem where the standard mutual information approach does not perform well. <<<
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872.
LXJ (2022-08-31 18:46):
#paper https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107173 Development of black fungus-based 3D printed foods as dysphagia diet: Effect of gums incorporation 随着人口老龄化趋势,随着老年人吞咽困难的迅速增加,对吞咽困难饮食的需求也越来越大。3D打印能够将糊状且不具吸引力的吞咽困难饮食加工成外观诱人的开胃食品。黑木耳(黑木耳)具有许多促进健康的作用,但其弹性质地和巨大的咀嚼力使其不适合老年人。在这项工作中,研究者开发3D打印的视觉上有吸引力的纹理改性黑木耳食品作为潜在吞咽困难饮食的可行性,添加了牙龈(0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、w/w),即k-卡拉胶、黄原胶和阿拉伯胶。结果表明,k-卡拉胶和黄原胶的加入通过降低水的流动性和促进氢键的形成,显著提高了油墨样品的机械强度(屈服应力和弹性)、粘度、硬度和粘性,而阿拉伯胶的加入则表现出相反的效果。国际吞咽困难饮食标准化倡议(IDDSI)测试表明,含阿拉伯胶和黄原胶的样本未能通过勺子倾斜测试,而含黄原胶的样本可归类为5级-碎和湿性吞咽困难。使用对照油墨或含银油墨的3D打印样品显示出较差的自支撑能力。含黄原胶油墨不易挤出,印刷样品中有缺陷点。相比之下,黄原胶-0.9%的样品显示出高印刷精度,具有强大的自支撑能力和光滑的表面纹理。这项工作为使用3D打印开发视觉吸引力的吞咽困难饮食提供了见解。
Abstract:
With the aging population trend, there is a great demand for dysphagia diet as the elderly suffering from dysphagia is increasing rapidly. 3D printing is capable of processing mashed and … >>>
With the aging population trend, there is a great demand for dysphagia diet as the elderly suffering from dysphagia is increasing rapidly. 3D printing is capable of processing mashed and not attractive dysphagia diet into appetizing foods with appealing appearance. Black fungus (Auricularia auricula) illustrates many health-promotion effects, but its elastic texture and great chewing efforts making it unfeasible for the elderly. In this work, we studied the feasibility to develop 3D printed visually appealing texture modified black fungus-based food as potential dysphagia diet, with addition of gums (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, w/w), i.e. k-carrageenan gum (KG), xanthan gum (XG) and arabic gum (AG). Results indicated that KG and XG addition significantly increased the mechanical strength (yield stress and elasticity), viscosity, hardness and gumminess of ink samples by reducing water mobility and facilitating hydrogen bond formation, while AG addition showed an opposite effect. International dysphagia diet standardization initiative (IDDSI) tests indicated that AG and KG containing sample failed the spoon tilt test within IDDSI framework, while XG containing sample could be classified as level 5-minced and moist dysphagia diet. 3D printed samples using control or AG containing ink illustrated poor self-supporting capability. KG containing ink was not easy for extrusion with defective points in printed samples. In contrast, XG-0.9% samples demonstrated high printing precision with great self-supporting capability and smooth surface texture. This work provides insights for the development of visually appealing dysphagia diet using 3D printing. <<<
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873.
沈么是快乐星球 (2022-08-31 17:41):
#paper https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-020-0329-x Horticulture Research 2020 桔梗基因组 本文使用了基因组转录组甲基化联合分析,首先进行了基础的基因组组装注释和进化分析,再从基因和表观遗遗传学角度深度解析了参与桔梗皂苷合成过程相关基因家族。主要结果如下:1)Genome assembly of P. grandiflorus桔梗基因组组装:二倍体,680Mb,BUSCO96.9%,杂合度较低,组装较好(平均采样深度的频率处k-mer缺失相对较低、能比对上的reads占98%,未组装的2%) 2)Genome annotation of P. grandiflorus桔梗基因组注释:鉴定了9027个转录因子,其中bHLH家族最大,并在该家族发现了4个TSAR基因重复序列(调节色氨酸合酶的β亚基合成),其中只有PGJG172350在根、茎、叶、花中表达,表明其可能参与桔梗皂苷合成。含有36.2%重复序列。 3)Evolution of the P. grandiflorus genome in the Asterid lineage 桔梗在菊亚纲中的进化分析。使用人参、三七、胡萝卜、向日葵进行比较基因组学分析。以往研究表明,CYP450与YGT基因家族参与三萜皂苷合成,因此重点关注两个家族在基因组中的进化情况。4)Expansion of the CYP716 family contributes to the diversification of platycoside scaffolds in P. grandiflorus CYP716家族的扩增促进了桔梗中桔梗皂苷支架结构的多样化。统计了7个物种内与TS支架相关的158个基因,桔梗的35个基因中,扩增的基因家族有三个:a)CYP716A亚家族最多,CYP716A12, CYP716A140, and CYP716A75,仅在桔梗中发现。b)CYP716S5,与杂环皂素合成相关,该物质可药用,但在桔梗中量很少。c)CYP72A154催化β-amyrin骨架的C-30羟基化。5)Divergent expression of the CYP716 family genes in different tissues of P. grandifloras CYP716基因家族在桔梗不同组织中的差异表达 a)详细描述了个个基因在不同组织中的表达量,并得出结论,表达量的差异是导致桔梗不同部位中桔梗皂苷积累量不同的原因。b)外源施加激素可以使TS相关基因高表达,对桔梗施加12, 24, and 48 h.检测表达量发现两个CYP716家族基因PGJG086700 (CYP716A140)和PGJG310130 (CYP716A141)在所有三个时间点的根中都有高表达,暗示可能与桔梗皂苷合成相关。6)Genomic expansion and divergent expression of TSB- related genes in P. grandifloras桔梗TSB相关基因的扩张及表达差异 筛选TSB合成相关通路基因,分析保守结构域,通过蛋白结构域和系统发育分析,在7种模式植物中共鉴定出了827个tsb相关基因。系统发育表明,桔梗中含有GGPS基因簇,但在组织中表达量均不高;bAS也有大量重复,具有组织特异性,根中高表达;DDS在根中均低表达,为桔梗中达玛型TS更少的原因。7)Hypomethylation of CYP716 and bAS genes of P. grandifloras 桔梗中CYP716 and bAS基因家族低甲基化。将MJ处理后的三个样本做甲基化测序,CYP450家族和其他tsb相关基因在桔梗中可能是低甲基化的,表明两个基因家族表观遗传变化影响桔梗皂苷生物合成。
Abstract:
Triterpenoid saponins (TSs) are common plant defense phytochemicals with potential pharmaceutical properties. (Campanulaceae) has been traditionally used to treat bronchitis and asthma in East Asia. The oleanane-type TSs, platycosides, are … >>>
Triterpenoid saponins (TSs) are common plant defense phytochemicals with potential pharmaceutical properties. (Campanulaceae) has been traditionally used to treat bronchitis and asthma in East Asia. The oleanane-type TSs, platycosides, are a major component of the root extract. Recent studies show that platycosides exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anticancer, antiviral, and antiallergy properties. However, the evolutionary history of platycoside biosynthesis genes remains unknown. In this study, we sequenced the genome of and investigated the genes involved in platycoside biosynthesis. The draft genome of is 680.1 Mb long and contains 40,017 protein-coding genes. Genomic analysis revealed that the family genes play a major role in platycoside oxidation. The gene family of was much larger than that of other Asterid species. Orthologous gene annotation also revealed the expansion of () in , which was confirmed by tissue-specific gene expression. In these expanded gene families, we identified key genes showing preferential expression in roots and association with platycoside biosynthesis. In addition, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing showed that and genes are hypomethylated in , suggesting that epigenetic modification of these two gene families affects platycoside biosynthesis. Thus whole-genome, transcriptome, and methylome data of provide novel insights into the regulation of platycoside biosynthesis by and gene families. <<<
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874.
cellsarts (2022-08-31 17:40):
Paper# www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1714249114 Distinct roles of N- and O-glycans in cellulase activity and stability N-和O-聚糖在纤维素酶活性和稳定性中的独特的作用 在自然界中,许多微生物分泌糖苷水解酶,氧化还原酶,辅助的生物酶的混合物,以降解多糖衍生物和植物的木质素等。这些酶通常被糖基化修饰,通常分为N-和o -糖基化,其作用已被广泛认为是为应对细胞外的恶略的环境,防止这些生物酶被水解。糖基化修饰酶蛋白已被证明对活性成倍的影响,但这些影响尚未完全被了解。在这里,我们研究了糖苷水解酶家族7的纤维生物水解酶(Cel7A), 模拟了其的含有o -糖基化位修饰点的纤维素结合结构域,模拟了其的含有N-和o -糖基化位点的催化结构域,以及含了o -糖基化位点修饰有抑制水解功能的链接linker结构域。我们报道了纤维素酶Cel7A 糖基化修饰的共识图谱,包括糖链位点和基序。此外,我们检查糖基化修饰在降解多糖得活性、底物结合和热和蛋白水解稳定性等方面的作用。纤维生物水解酶(Cel7A)催化结构域(CD)上的N-糖基化位点被敲除后的实验结果显示,N-糖基化位点的敲除对纤维生物水解酶(Cel7A)催化活性及与纤维素底物的结合程度的影响很小, 但确实影响纤维生物水解酶(Cel7A)的稳定性。纤维素结合结构域(CBM)的O-糖基化位点的敲除,含对酶结合纤维素底物的影响并不大,对整个酶蛋白的抗外界的酶解作用,对整个酶蛋白的活性的影响都不大。然而,连接纤维素结合结构域和催化结构域的linker的o -糖基化,极大的增加了整个酶蛋白抗水解的能力。通过分子模拟预测了连接子(linker)区域的o -糖基化的附加作用,即当纤维素结合于Cel7A为在上,模型预测了α-螺旋的形成和增加了非糖基化连接子与纤维素的相互作用。总的来说,这项研究揭示了N-和o -糖基化可能的关键作用广泛适用于其他植物细胞壁降解酶。
Abstract:
In nature, many microbes secrete mixtures of glycoside hydrolases, oxidoreductases, and accessory enzymes to deconstruct polysaccharides and lignin in plants. These enzymes are often decorated with N- and O-glycosylation, the … >>>
In nature, many microbes secrete mixtures of glycoside hydrolases, oxidoreductases, and accessory enzymes to deconstruct polysaccharides and lignin in plants. These enzymes are often decorated with N- and O-glycosylation, the roles of which have been broadly attributed to protection from proteolysis, as the extracellular milieu is an aggressive environment. Glycosylation has been shown to sometimes affect activity, but these effects are not fully understood. Here, we examine N- and O-glycosylation on a model, multimodular glycoside hydrolase family 7 cellobiohydrolase (Cel7A), which exhibits an O-glycosylated carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) and an O-glycosylated linker connected to an N- and O-glycosylated catalytic domain (CD)-a domain architecture common to many biomass-degrading enzymes. We report consensus maps for Cel7A glycosylation that include glycan sites and motifs. Additionally, we examine the roles of glycans on activity, substrate binding, and thermal and proteolytic stability. N-glycan knockouts on the CD demonstrate that N-glycosylation has little impact on cellulose conversion or binding, but does have major stability impacts. O-glycans on the CBM have little impact on binding, proteolysis, or activity in the whole-enzyme context. However, linker O-glycans greatly impact cellulose conversion via their contribution to proteolysis resistance. Molecular simulations predict an additional role for linker O-glycans, namely that they are responsible for maintaining separation between ordered domains when Cel7A is engaged on cellulose, as models predict α-helix formation and decreased cellulose interaction for the nonglycosylated linker. Overall, this study reveals key roles for N- and O-glycosylation that are likely broadly applicable to other plant cell-wall-degrading enzymes. <<<
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875.
吴增丁 (2022-08-31 17:15):
#paper https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-022-01488-1 这篇于2022年发表在nature method的文章,介绍了一种基于AlphaFold2的蛋白质折叠预测的接口工具ColabFold。该工具首要解决了一个广大用户使用AlphaFold2的难点,就是在无GUP,无大存储计算资源下依然可以使用这些蛋白质结构预测的工具,并且提升了计算速度。 ColabFold工作主要在三个方面:1.在多序列比对(MSA)时用MMseqs2替换了 HMMer和HHblits的方法,从结果看提高了约50倍速度且保持高准确度。值得提一下,MSA在蛋白质结构预测中是主要的限速步骤;2.构建了自己的同源比对数据库ColabFoldDB。 相比较Big Fantastic Databse(BFD)和 MGnify database,ColabFoldDB数据库具有更好的MSA多样性。3.开发基于Google Colaboratory的notebook版本的使用接口 ,这个使用工具允许无计算资源和编程经验的用户方便使用https://github.com/sokrypton/ColabFold。当然也开发了本地命令行版本https://github.com/YoshitakaMo/localcolabfold
IF:36.100Q1 Nature methods, 2022-06. DOI: 10.1038/s41592-022-01488-1 PMID: 35637307 PMCID:PMC9184281
Abstract:
ColabFold offers accelerated prediction of protein structures and complexes by combining the fast homology search of MMseqs2 with AlphaFold2 or RoseTTAFold. ColabFold's 40-60-fold faster search and optimized model utilization enables … >>>
ColabFold offers accelerated prediction of protein structures and complexes by combining the fast homology search of MMseqs2 with AlphaFold2 or RoseTTAFold. ColabFold's 40-60-fold faster search and optimized model utilization enables prediction of close to 1,000 structures per day on a server with one graphics processing unit. Coupled with Google Colaboratory, ColabFold becomes a free and accessible platform for protein folding. ColabFold is open-source software available at https://github.com/sokrypton/ColabFold and its novel environmental databases are available at https://colabfold.mmseqs.com . <<<
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876.
Vincent (2022-08-31 13:52):
#paper  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-021-00407-0, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2021, A guide to machine learning for biologists. 这篇review paper深入浅出的介绍了各类机器学习算法和在生物领域的应用。文章一开始先梳理了很多ML的关键概念(例如机器学习算法的分类,overfitting/underfitting,bias-variance tradeoff)。随后分别介绍了传统机器学习算法(PCA, k-means, SVM, ridge regression, randomforest等),基于深度学习的算法(CNN, RNN, transformer, autoencoder等),描述了每种算法的优缺点和并且探讨了在生物学数据中使用机器学习算法的最佳实践。文章最后还介绍了机器学习算法在生物学领域的所面临的的挑战,例如数据可得性, 数据泄露, 模型可解释性,以及隐私保护方面的问题。感兴趣的可以看看,是一篇十分不错的参考文献。
Abstract:
The expanding scale and inherent complexity of biological data have encouraged a growing use of machine learning in biology to build informative and predictive models of the underlying biological processes. … >>>
The expanding scale and inherent complexity of biological data have encouraged a growing use of machine learning in biology to build informative and predictive models of the underlying biological processes. All machine learning techniques fit models to data; however, the specific methods are quite varied and can at first glance seem bewildering. In this Review, we aim to provide readers with a gentle introduction to a few key machine learning techniques, including the most recently developed and widely used techniques involving deep neural networks. We describe how different techniques may be suited to specific types of biological data, and also discuss some best practices and points to consider when one is embarking on experiments involving machine learning. Some emerging directions in machine learning methodology are also discussed. <<<
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877.
大象城南 (2022-08-31 11:02):
#paper doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119550 NeuroImage, 2022, Superficial white matter bundle atlas based on hierarchical fiber clustering over probabilistic tractography data. 与已知的长联络纤维束相比,短联络纤维束具有更高的被试间变异性和更小的尺寸,因此对对短联络纤维束的研究仍是一个未完成的任务。然而,它们的描述对于理解人类大脑功能障碍和更好地描述人类大脑连接体是必不可少的。在这项工作中,作者提出了一个短联络纤维的多被试脑图谱,它是使用基于纤维束聚类的浅表层白质识别方法计算的。为了创建脑图谱,作者使用了来自HCP数据库的100名受试者的概率纤维追踪束图,并用非线性配准的方式将它们对齐。该方法从被试内的短联络纤维(30~50 mm)聚类开始。在皮层脑图谱的基础上,对来自所有受试者的簇内质心进行分割,以识别连接图谱中每个感兴趣区域的质心。为了减少计算量,将每个ROI组的质心随机分成10个子组。然后,对每个中心子组应用被试间层次聚类,然后再进行第二级聚类,为每个ROI组选择被试间最可重复的聚类。最后,根据它们连接的区域对类别进行标记,并进行聚类以创建最终的纤维束图。最终的图谱由525束沿整个大脑的浅表层短联络纤维组成,其中384束连接不同的ROI,141束连接相同ROI的部分。在三个不同的束图数据库上使用自动分割方法验证了束的可重复性。确定性和概率性追踪结果具有较高的可重现性,尤其是HCP数据中的概率性追踪。与之前的研究相比,我们的图谱具有更多的束和更大的皮层表面覆盖。
IF:4.700Q1 NeuroImage, 2022-11-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119550 PMID: 35944796
Abstract:
The study of short association fibers is still an incomplete task due to their higher inter-subject variability and the smaller size of this kind of fibers in comparison to known … >>>
The study of short association fibers is still an incomplete task due to their higher inter-subject variability and the smaller size of this kind of fibers in comparison to known long association bundles. However, their description is essential to understand human brain dysfunction and better characterize the human brain connectome. In this work, we present a multi-subject atlas of short association fibers, which was computed using a superficial white matter bundle identification method based on fiber clustering. To create the atlas, we used probabilistic tractography from one hundred subjects from the HCP database, aligned with non-linear registration. The method starts with an intra-subject clustering of short fibers (30-85 mm). Based on a cortical atlas, the intra-subject cluster centroids from all subjects are segmented to identify the centroids connecting each region of interest (ROI) of the atlas. To reduce computational load, the centroids from each ROI group are randomly separated into ten subgroups. Then, an inter-subject hierarchical clustering is applied to each centroid subgroup, followed by a second level of clustering to select the most-reproducible clusters across subjects for each ROI group. Finally, the clusters are labeled according to the regions that they connect, and clustered to create the final bundle atlas. The resulting atlas is composed of 525 bundles of superficial short association fibers along the whole brain, with 384 bundles connecting pairs of different ROIs and 141 bundles connecting portions of the same ROI. The reproducibility of the bundles was verified using automatic segmentation on three different tractogram databases. Results for deterministic and probabilistic tractography data show high reproducibility, especially for probabilistic tractography in HCP data. In comparison to previous work, our atlas features a higher number of bundles and greater cortical surface coverage. <<<
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878.
小年 (2022-08-31 10:19):
#paper doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24213-6 nature communications, 2021, Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals disparate effector differentiation pathways in human Treg compartment. 人类调节性 T细胞 (Treg) 是具有高度免疫抑制的一类CD4+ T细胞类群。本文通过对健康人的骨髓及外周血采样分选出Treg细胞,采用单细胞转录组、单细胞TCR技术构建了健康个体两个不同组织的Treg细胞图谱,并通过轨迹分析解析了Treg细胞两条不同功能的主要分化途径,辅以流式细胞仪分选验证。随后采用同样的技术对移植后aGVHD阴性和阳性的患者进行Treg解析,发现这两个分化途径及相应的细胞群体在移植患者中保守,尽管在aGVHD患者中存在一些功能和迁移障碍。这些发现扩大了对 Treg 细胞异质性和分化的理解,并为解剖 Treg 在健康和疾病中的复杂性提供了单细胞图谱参考。
IF:14.700Q1 Nature communications, 2021-06-23. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24213-6 PMID: 34162888
Abstract:
Human FOXP3 regulatory T (T) cells are central to immune tolerance. However, their heterogeneity and differentiation remain incompletely understood. Here we use single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing to … >>>
Human FOXP3 regulatory T (T) cells are central to immune tolerance. However, their heterogeneity and differentiation remain incompletely understood. Here we use single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing to resolve T cells from healthy individuals and patients with or without acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) who undergo stem cell transplantation. These analyses, combined with functional assays, separate T cells into naïve, activated, and effector stages, and resolve the HLA-DR, LIMS1, highly suppressive FOXP3, and highly proliferative MKI67 effector subsets. Trajectory analysis assembles T subsets into two differentiation paths (I/II) with distinctive phenotypic and functional programs, ending with the FOXP3 and MKI67 subsets, respectively. Transcription factors FOXP3 and SUB1 contribute to some Path I and Path II phenotypes, respectively. These FOXP3 and MKI67 subsets and two differentiation pathways are conserved in transplanted patients, despite having functional and migratory impairments under aGVHD. These findings expand the understanding of T cell heterogeneity and differentiation and provide a single-cell atlas for the dissection of T complexity in health and disease. <<<
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879.
尹志 (2022-08-31 09:46):
#paper doi:10.1089/genbio.2022.0017 GEN Biotechnology, 2022, Deep Learning Concepts and Applications for Synthetic Biology. 这是一篇2022年新出的深度学习与合成生物学的综述,或者我更愿意称之为元综述。文章对深度学习在合成生物学领域的应用做了简要介绍。对合成生物学中可用于深度学习框架的数据做了分类,对深度学习目前常用的结构也做了介绍。最值得一看的是深度学习在合成生物学领域的的应用:比如生物组成的设计与建模、使用生成模型方法合成新的组成、结构预测、视觉应用等等,对于提纲挈领非常有帮助。但是内容不是很具体,这也是我称之为元综述的原因。在每个具体的小节,作者在基本概念的科普之后,一般会指向几篇这个领域更合适的综述。因此,带着自己的方向和问题去看这篇元综述,逐步挖下去,应该会有很好的阅读体验。
IF:2.000Q3 GEN biotechnology, 2022-Aug-01. DOI: 10.1089/genbio.2022.0017 PMID: 36061221
Abstract:
Synthetic biology has a natural synergy with deep learning. It can be used to generate large data sets to train models, for example by using DNA synthesis, and deep learning … >>>
Synthetic biology has a natural synergy with deep learning. It can be used to generate large data sets to train models, for example by using DNA synthesis, and deep learning models can be used to inform design, such as by generating novel parts or suggesting optimal experiments to conduct. Recently, research at the interface of engineering biology and deep learning has highlighted this potential through successes including the design of novel biological parts, protein structure prediction, automated analysis of microscopy data, optimal experimental design, and biomolecular implementations of artificial neural networks. In this review, we present an overview of synthetic biology-relevant classes of data and deep learning architectures. We also highlight emerging studies in synthetic biology that capitalize on deep learning to enable novel understanding and design, and discuss challenges and future opportunities in this space. <<<
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880.
钟鸣 (2022-08-31 00:39):
#paper doi:10.1128/IAI.00334-21 Infect Immun.,2022,Categorizing Sequences of Concern by Function To Better Assess Mechanisms of Microbial Pathogenesis 病原微生物往往通过产生毒力因子作用于宿主进而损伤宿主。VFDB数据库是经典的毒力因子数据库,但其收录的毒力因子太多太多,并包含了大量并不直接损伤宿主的毒力因子,例如帮助细菌在贫瘠环境中存活的铁载体等。对于专注于狭义毒力因子的研究者来说,数据库中这些广义毒力因子是令人不悦的噪音。为了改善这种情况,这篇文章的作者对已知的毒力因子进行了梳理、归类和去冗余。本文的大部分篇幅用于对每个类别的描述,读起来不像论文而更像是一场讲座的讲稿。
IF:2.900Q2 Infection and immunity, 2022-05-19. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00334-21 PMID: 34780277
Abstract:
To identify sequences with a role in microbial pathogenesis, we assessed the adequacy of their annotation by existing controlled vocabularies and sequence databases. Our goal was to regularize descriptions of … >>>
To identify sequences with a role in microbial pathogenesis, we assessed the adequacy of their annotation by existing controlled vocabularies and sequence databases. Our goal was to regularize descriptions of microbial pathogenesis for improved integration with bioinformatic applications. Here, we review the challenges of annotating sequences for pathogenic activity. We relate the categorization of more than 2,750 sequences of pathogenic microbes through a controlled vocabulary called Functions of Sequences of Concern (FunSoCs). These allow for an ease of description by both humans and machines. We provide a subset of 220 fully annotated sequences in the supplemental material as examples. The use of this compact (∼30 terms), controlled vocabulary has potential benefits for research in microbial genomics, public health, biosecurity, biosurveillance, and the characterization of new and emerging pathogens. <<<
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