当前共找到 14 篇文献分享。
1.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-11 16:58):
#paper 【doi】10.1126/science.adm7066;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Science;【标题】Machine learning–based penetrance of genetic variants。【内容总结】作者想解决“同一个基因突变有人得病、有人不得病”的难题,用传统“有病/没病”二分法算外显率常因样本小、偏倚大而失真,于是把 134 万例纽约 Mount Sinai 医院常规体检的血检、血压等 47 项实验室指标和年龄、性别、BMI 喂给极端梯度提升树模型,为 10 种常染色体显性遗传病(如家族性高胆固醇血症、肥厚型心肌病、多囊肾等)各训练出“疾病分数”——一个 0 到 1 的小数,越接近 1 表示模型越确信这人“现在已处于疾病状态”,越接近 0 则越健康;再把模型套在 2.9 万例有外显子测序的 BioMe 独立队列,给 31 个基因里的 1648 个罕见突变(143 个已判致病、96 个良性、1181 个意义不明 VUS、228 个功能缺失 LoF)算出“ML 外显率”,即携带者的平均疾病分数转化为得病概率;结果致病突变 ML 外显率中位数 0.52 远高于良性 0.28,VUS 居中约 0.46,LoF 与致病突变相仿;ML 外显率越高,携带者越早在血检或影像上出现异常,如高外显率 PKD 突变者肾过滤率平均低 40 mL/min,高外显率 FH 突变者 LDL 高 119 mg/dL,且与体外实验测得的 BRCA1 修复能力下降、LDLR 摄取 LDL 能力下降一致;相比传统“有病/没病”外显率只能取 0、0.5、1 几个离散值,ML 外显率给出 0–1 之间的小数,把 20% 因无法确诊而被传统法扔掉的突变也纳入评估,还能把 66 个高外显率 VUS 和 48 个高外显率 LoF 挑出来,其携带者多年随访确实出现相应器官损伤;作者又在英国生物银行复制出趋势,说明方法可迁移;整个流程只用医院常规化验单,不额外花钱,为遗传咨询提供量化、个体化的风险数字,也能帮实验室优先验证真正致病的 VUS。
Science, 2025-8-28. DOI: 10.1126/science.adm7066
Abstract:
Accurate variant penetrance estimation is crucial for precision medicine. We constructed machine learning (ML) models for 10 diseases using 1,347,298 participants with electronic health records, then applied them to an … >>>
Accurate variant penetrance estimation is crucial for precision medicine. We constructed machine learning (ML) models for 10 diseases using 1,347,298 participants with electronic health records, then applied them to an independent cohort with linked exome data. Resulting probabilities were used to evaluate ML penetrance of 1648 rare variants in 31 autosomal dominant disease-predisposition genes. ML penetrance was variable across variant classes, but highest for pathogenic and loss-of-function variants, and was associated with clinical outcomes and functional data. Compared with conventional case-versus-control approaches, ML penetrance provided refined quantitative estimates and aided the interpretation of variants of uncertain significance and loss-of-function variants by delineating clinical trajectories over time. By leveraging ML and deep phenotyping, we present a scalable approach to accurately quantify disease risk of variants. <<<
翻译
2.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-10 11:55):
paper 【doi】10.1016/j.cell.2025.08.018;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Cell;【标题】AI mirrors experimental science to uncover a mechanism of gene transfer crucial to bacterial evolution。【内容总结】这篇论文研究了一个AI系统如何帮助科学家发现细菌基因转移的新机制。简单来说,科学家用AI来猜细菌中一种叫cf-PICIs的基因元件是怎么在不同细菌种类之间传播的,结果AI猜对了——它发现这些基因元件会“偷”不同细菌病毒的尾巴来感染新宿主。具体来说,研究者先实验发现cf-PICIs能在多种细菌中存在,但不知道原因。他们用AI系统“AI co-scientist”分析这个问题,AI提出了五个可能解释,其中排名第一的“cf-PICIs利用不同噬菌体尾巴”正好是科学家们通过多年实验刚发现但还没发表的正确答案。AI还提出其他有趣假设,比如基因元件可能通过细菌“接合”方式传播,这些新想法现在也成了实验室的新研究方向。主要方法包括:1)用AI系统生成和排序假设;2)将AI结果与实验发现对比;3)比较不同AI模型的性能。结果表明AI不仅能重复人类科学家的发现,还能提出创新想法,帮助加速科研。
3.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-09 14:54):
paper 【doi】10.1038/s41586-025-09445-6;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Nature;【标题】Mechanical confinement governs phenotypic plasticity in melanoma。【内容总结】这篇论文研究了黑色素瘤细胞如何在外界机械压力下从增殖状态转变为侵袭状态。简单来说,科学家发现当肿瘤细胞被周围组织挤压时,会像神经元一样长出保护性微管结构,同时激活HMGB2蛋白来改变染色质结构,使细胞变得更擅长移动但不太会分裂,还更耐药。具体来说,团队通过斑马鱼模型和人类样本发现,处于肿瘤边缘的细胞会形成椭圆形的受压细胞核,这些"界面细胞"表现出神经元样基因特征。他们开发了体外微限制系统模拟这种压力,发现受压细胞会形成乙酰化微管笼保护细胞核,并通过HMGB2蛋白改变染色质可及性。关键方法包括:空间转录组学、单细胞RNA测序、体外微限制实验、ATAC-seq分析染色质开放性和TurboID蛋白质互作分析。结果显示机械限制通过HMGB2介导的表型转换使黑色素瘤获得侵袭性和耐药性,这为理解肿瘤转移提供了新视角。
Abstract:
Abstract Phenotype switching is a form of cellular plasticity in which cancer cells reversibly move between two opposite extremes: proliferative versus invasive states1,2. Although it has long been hypothesized that … >>>
Abstract Phenotype switching is a form of cellular plasticity in which cancer cells reversibly move between two opposite extremes: proliferative versus invasive states1,2. Although it has long been hypothesized that such switching is triggered by external cues, the identity of these cues remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that mechanical confinement mediates phenotype switching through chromatin remodelling. Using a zebrafish model of melanoma coupled with human samples, we profiled tumour cells at the interface between the tumour and surrounding microenvironment. Morphological analysis of interface cells showed elliptical nuclei, suggestive of mechanical confinement by the adjacent tissue. Spatial and single-cell transcriptomics demonstrated that interface cells adopted a gene program of neuronal invasion, including the acquisition of an acetylated tubulin cage that protects the nucleus during migration. We identified the DNA-bending protein HMGB2 as a confinement-induced mediator of the neuronal state. HMGB2 is upregulated in confined cells, and quantitative modelling revealed that confinement prolongs the contact time between HMGB2 and chromatin, leading to changes in chromatin configuration that favour the neuronal phenotype. Genetic disruption of HMGB2 showed that it regulates the trade-off between proliferative and invasive states, in which confined HMGB2high tumour cells are less proliferative but more drug-resistant. Our results implicate the mechanical microenvironment as a mechanism that drives phenotype switching in melanoma. <<<
翻译
4.
刘昊辰 (2025-09-08 15:13):
#paper Gemini 2.5 Pro Capable of Winning Gold at IMO 2025 研究团队通过构建自验证流程(含初始解题、自我改进、验证纠错等步骤)并优化提示词设计,利用 Google 的Gemini 2.5 Pro 模型在 2025 年国际数学奥林匹克竞赛(IMO 2025)的 6 道题目中成功解出 5 道,且为避免数据污染仅使用最新发布的 IMO 2025 题目作为测试集;研究还对比了带提示(如数学归纳法、解析几何)与无提示解题的效果,发现提示主要提升效率而非创造新能力,同时指出模型在第 6 题中因错误假设导致解题失败,最终证实强大 LLM 结合合理策略可实现高水平数学推理,接近人类金牌水平。下载地址:https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.15855
arXiv, 2025-07-21T17:59:49Z. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2507.15855
Abstract:
The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) poses uniquely challengingproblems requiring deep insight, creativity, and formal reasoning. While LargeLanguage Models (LLMs) perform well on mathematical benchmarks like AIME, theystruggle with Olympiad-level tasks. … >>>
The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) poses uniquely challengingproblems requiring deep insight, creativity, and formal reasoning. While LargeLanguage Models (LLMs) perform well on mathematical benchmarks like AIME, theystruggle with Olympiad-level tasks. We use Google's Gemini 2.5 Pro on the newlyreleased IMO 2025 problems, avoiding data contamination. Using aself-verification pipeline with careful prompt design, 5 (out of 6) problemsare solved correctly. This result underscores the importance of developingoptimal strategies to harness the full potential of powerful LLMs for complexreasoning tasks. <<<
翻译
5.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-08 09:19):
paper 【doi】10.1038/s41588-025-02326-8;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Nature Genetics;【标题】Genetic variants affecting RNA stability influence complex traits and disease risk。【内容总结】这篇论文研究了基因变异如何通过影响RNA稳定性来调控基因表达并导致疾病风险。科学家们开发了一个叫RNAtracker的计算工具,利用Bru-seq/BruChase-seq代谢标记数据(在11种人类细胞系中追踪RNA随时间变化),区分了由转录调控(asRT)和RNA稳定性调控(asRS)引起的等位基因特异性表达。具体来说,他们发现了5,051个asRS变异涉及665个基因,这些变异显著富集于microRNA靶标区域和RNA结合蛋白位点,并通过MapUTR大规模并行报告实验和CRISPR基因编辑验证了其功能性。特别值得注意的是,asRS基因在免疫相关通路中高度富集,并与多种免疫系统疾病风险相关,例如系统性红斑狼疮和1型糖尿病。这项研究揭示了RNA稳定性这一被忽视的调控机制在连接遗传变异与疾病中的关键作用。主要方法包括:1)RNAtracker算法用β-二项混合模型分析时间序列RNA数据;2)ActD转录抑制实验验证稳定性调控;3)MapUTR和MPRAu高通量筛选功能性变异;4)CRISPR prime editing直接验证因果变异;5)GWAS和TWAS分析疾病关联性。
6.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-05 14:18):
paper 【doi】10.1038/s41586-025-09460-7;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Nature;【标题】Rewiring of cortical glucose metabolism fuels human brain cancer growth。【内容总结】这篇研究想搞清楚脑癌(特别是胶质母细胞瘤GBM)是怎么改变大脑正常葡萄糖代谢来促进自己生长的。科学家们给脑癌患者和小鼠注射带标记的葡萄糖,然后用质谱和代谢流分析等方法追踪这些葡萄糖在肿瘤和正常脑组织中的去向。他们发现:正常脑细胞主要用葡萄糖来维持生理功能,而癌细胞却把葡萄糖转向制造增殖所需的核苷酸等物质,还从环境中抢走丝氨酸等营养。通过限制饮食中的丝氨酸,可以减缓某些脑癌的生长并增强放疗效果。简单说,脑癌会"偷改"葡萄糖的使用说明书,把本该用于维持大脑正常工作的能量转变成让自己疯长的原料,而这个漏洞可以通过调整饮食来部分堵住。主要方法包括:稳定同位素标记(给病人和小鼠注射带碳13标记的葡萄糖)、代谢流分析(计算不同代谢路径的流量)、质谱检测(测量代谢物中的同位素分布)、以及饮食干预实验(测试限制丝氨酸/甘氨酸饮食的效果)。
7.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-05 14:17):
paper 【doi】10.1038/s41586-025-09479-w;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Nature;【标题】Supervised learning in DNA neural networks。【内容总结】这篇论文的目标是让DNA分子像大脑一样通过学习完成复杂任务,比如识别手写数字。研究者设计了一种由DNA分子构成的神经网络,通过化学反应的"训练"阶段让DNA记住特定模式(如数字0和1的图片),然后在"测试"阶段用记住的模式对新输入进行分类。主要方法包括:1)用DNA链置换反应模拟神经网络计算;2)设计可激活的"记忆分子"存储学习内容;3)采用"赢家通吃"机制做决策。实验结果显示,这个DNA网络能成功学习100位模式(相当于10×10像素图片),分类准确率最高达71%。简单说就是科学家用DNA分子造了个会学习的小电脑,它能记住看到的图案,之后遇到类似图案时能认出来,虽然不如人脑厉害,但这是首次实现分子级别的自主学习系统。
8.
白鸟 (2025-09-04 11:05):
#paper doi: 10.1186/s44342-024-00034-z. Comprehensive Analysis of TCR and BCR Repertoires: Insights into Methodologies, Challenges, and Applications. 这是2025年发表的一篇关于免疫组库分析方法的综述文章。文章思路很清晰,我比较关注免疫组库分析中指标的生物学解读。 文章主要内容: 1.TCR/BCR的多样性,研究意义,免疫组库测序; 2.关键考量因素:(1)初始模板(gDNA,mRNA,cDNA);(2)CDR3/全长测序;(3)bulk测序/单细胞测序; 3.分析流程:数据质量控制、比对和克隆型鉴定;识别配对链; 4.分析工具:整理出常见分析工具列表,重点介绍MIXCR,TRUST4,IMGT/HighV-QUEST,IgBlast,VDJtools; 5.特征指标:提取关键特征指标:理解免疫动力学、评估疾病状态; (1)多样性指标:香农熵或辛普森指数,免疫反应的强度; (2)克隆型频率:克隆扩增或收缩模式;特定克隆型的相对丰度; (3)VDJ基因片段使用:了解免疫系统受体组装;基因使用的偏好性; (4)CDR3的长度和序列组成; (5)受体配对分析; (6)BCR体细胞超突变分析:亲和力成熟; (7)聚类相似克隆型:识别潜在的抗原驱动扩增;特定免疫应答中富集的特定克隆; (8)群体分析:克隆重叠共享,共同免疫反应机制; (9)克隆型距离度量; (10)TCR/BCR谱系动态追踪:时序动态变化,克隆扩增如何演变,免疫耐受机制发展; 6.应用:免疫学和肿瘤,自身免疫性疾病,免疫治疗 追踪TCR克隆型频率动态;量化疫苗诱导免疫应答;潜力:诊断标记或治疗靶点; 7.研究意义:探究免疫反应、发现治疗靶点及开发精准医疗方案;
Abstract:
Abstract The diversity of T-cell receptors (TCRs) and B-cell receptors (BCRs) underpins the adaptive immune system’s ability to recognize and respond to a wide array of antigens. Recent advancements in … >>>
Abstract The diversity of T-cell receptors (TCRs) and B-cell receptors (BCRs) underpins the adaptive immune system’s ability to recognize and respond to a wide array of antigens. Recent advancements in RNA sequencing have expanded its application beyond transcriptomics to include the analysis of immune repertoires, enabling the exploration of TCR and BCR sequences across various physiological and pathological contexts. This review highlights key methodologies and considerations for TCR and BCR repertoire analysis, focusing on the technical aspects of receptor sequence extraction, data processing, and clonotype identification. We compare the use of bulk and single-cell sequencing, discuss computational tools and pipelines, and evaluate the implications of examining specific receptor regions such as CDR3. By integrating immunology, bioinformatics, and clinical research, immune repertoire analysis provides valuable insights into immune function, therapeutic responses, and precision medicine approaches, advancing our understanding of health and disease. <<<
翻译
9.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-04 10:30):
paper 【doi】10.1038/s41586-025-09435-8;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Nature;【标题】Single-cell transcriptomic and genomic changes in the ageing human brain。【内容总结】这篇论文研究了人类大脑前额叶皮层从婴儿期到百岁老人期间的细胞水平变化,目标是理解健康大脑衰老过程中基因表达和基因组突变的规律。研究者使用了三种单细胞技术:单核RNA测序(snRNA-seq)分析基因表达,单细胞全基因组测序(scWGS)检测体细胞突变,以及MERFISH空间转录组技术进行验证。他们发现婴儿大脑中存在表达神经发育基因的特殊神经元和星形胶质细胞集群,而衰老过程中管家基因(如核糖体和线粒体相关基因)普遍下调,但神经元特异性基因保持稳定。通过突变特征分析,他们鉴定出两种与年龄相关的突变模式:A1突变与高表达基因和活跃染色质区域相关,A2突变则富集于低表达区域。特别有趣的是,短管家基因在衰老过程中因高突变率而表达下降,而长神经元基因则受到拓扑异构酶的保护维持稳定。这些发现揭示了大脑衰老中基因长度、功能和DNA损伤之间的复杂关系,为理解认知衰退提供了新视角。
IF:50.500Q1 Nature, 2025-Sep-03. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09435-8 PMID: 40903571
Abstract:
Over time, cells in the brain and in the body accumulate damage, which contributes to the ageing process. In the human brain, the prefrontal cortex undergoes age-related changes that can … >>>
Over time, cells in the brain and in the body accumulate damage, which contributes to the ageing process. In the human brain, the prefrontal cortex undergoes age-related changes that can affect cognitive functioning later in life. Here, using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), single-cell whole-genome sequencing (scWGS) and spatial transcriptomics, we identify gene-expression and genomic changes in the human prefrontal cortex across lifespan, from infancy to centenarian. snRNA-seq identified infant-specific cell clusters enriched for the expression of neurodevelopmental genes, as well as an age-associated common downregulation of cell-essential homeostatic genes that function in ribosomes, transport and metabolism across cell types. Conversely, the expression of neuron-specific genes generally remains stable throughout life. These findings were validated with spatial transcriptomics. scWGS identified two age-associated mutational signatures that correlate with gene transcription and gene repression, respectively, and revealed gene length- and expression-level-dependent rates of somatic mutation in neurons that correlate with the transcriptomic landscape of the aged human brain. Our results provide insight into crucial aspects of human brain development and ageing, and shed light on transcriptomic and genomic dynamics. <<<
翻译
10.
惊鸿 (2025-09-03 21:52):
#paper DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0536OC 时间: 2025年6月13日 标题: Piezo1 Agonist Yoda1 Induces Rapid Relaxation in Cultured Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Bronchodilation in Mouse Models 该研究揭示了激活Piezo1通道可作为哮喘治疗的新策略。其核心发现是特异性激动剂Yoda1能通过激活Piezo1引发钙内流和BKCa通道活化,从而快速舒张气道平滑肌,在哮喘小鼠模型中实现有效支气管扩张。 这项研究的突出价值在于其创新性:从“深吸气可舒张气道”的生理现象和Piezo1的力感知功能中获得灵感,为克服传统β2-受体激动剂的耐受性和副作用问题提供了全新思路。 研究路径扎实且多层次,结合了分子、细胞和动物实验,验证了Yoda1从微观到宏观的舒张效果,并初步阐明了其作用机制,为后续转化奠定了良好基础。 不过,该研究也引出了新的问题,如Yoda1的长期安全性、药代动力学特性,以及其在不同严重程度哮喘中的疗效等,都是未来临床转化前需要深入探索的方向。 但总的来说,这项研究不仅展示了靶向Piezo1治疗哮喘的潜力,也体现了力学生物学与医学交叉的巨大价值,为开发副作用更小的替代疗法带来了新希望。
11.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-03 21:40):
paper 【doi】10.1038/s41556-025-01751-5;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Nature Cell Biology;【标题】Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies Menin and SUZ12 as regulators of human developmental timing。【内容总结】这篇论文研究了人类胚胎发育速度比其它物种慢的原因,通过全基因组CRISPR筛选发现表观遗传调控因子Menin和SUZ12是关键计时器。研究人员首先建立了PAX6::H2B-GFP报告系统监测神经分化速度,然后用全基因组CRISPR-Cas9敲除筛选找到27个候选基因,其中Menin和SUZ12缺失使神经分化显著加速。通过RNA测序、ATAC-seq和CUT&RUN等技术发现,这两个因子通过维持发育基因启动子区H3K4me3(激活标记)和H3K27me3(抑制标记)的平衡来控制分化速度:当Menin缺失时H3K4me3在bivalent启动子区增加,而SUZ12缺失则导致H3K27me3全局减少,都使发育基因更易被激活。这种加速效应不仅见于神经外胚层,在内胚层分化(GATA6/CXCR4表达提前)和心肌细胞分化(收缩提前)中也得到验证,说明这是跨胚层的通用计时机制。研究还发现小分子抑制剂VTP50469(靶向Menin-MLL)和Tazemetostat(靶向EZH2)能模拟基因敲除效果,为人工调控发育速度提供了工具。
Abstract:
Abstract Embryonic development follows a conserved sequence of events across species, yet the pace of development is highly variable and particularly slow in humans. Species-specific developmental timing is largely recapitulated … >>>
Abstract Embryonic development follows a conserved sequence of events across species, yet the pace of development is highly variable and particularly slow in humans. Species-specific developmental timing is largely recapitulated in stem cell models, suggesting a cell-intrinsic clock. Here we use directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into neuroectoderm to perform a whole-genome CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen and show that the epigenetic factors Menin and SUZ12 modulate the speed of PAX6 expression during neural differentiation. Genetic and pharmacological loss-of-function of Menin or SUZ12 accelerate cell fate acquisition by shifting the balance of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 at bivalent promoters, thereby priming key developmental genes for faster activation upon differentiation. We further reveal a synergistic interaction of Menin and SUZ12 in modulating differentiation speed. The acceleration effects were observed in definitive endoderm, cardiomyocyte and neuronal differentiation paradigms, pointing to chromatin bivalency as a general driver of timing across germ layers and developmental stages. <<<
翻译
12.
孤舟蓑笠翁 (2025-09-02 21:53):
paper 【doi】10.1038/s41586-025-09419-8;【发表年份】2025年;【期刊】Nature;【标题】Maternal stress triggers early-life eczema through fetal mast cell programming。【内容总结】这篇研究想搞清楚为什么妈妈怀孕时压力大会让宝宝出生后容易得湿疹。科学家用小鼠做实验,发现妈妈压力大会让体内皮质酮激素升高,这种激素会影响宝宝皮肤里一种叫肥大细胞的免疫细胞,让它们变得敏感,稍微摩擦皮肤就会发炎长湿疹。主要方法包括:给怀孕小鼠施加压力(每天关管子+强光照射)、测量激素水平、用显微镜观察皮肤细胞、做基因测序分析细胞变化。结果发现:1) 压力妈妈的小鼠宝宝皮肤肥大细胞在子宫里就被激活了;2) 这些宝宝出生后皮肤神经对触摸更敏感;3) 阻断妈妈的压力激素能预防宝宝湿疹;4) 人类数据也显示过敏体质的孕妇压力激素更高。简单说就是妈妈压力→激素变化→宝宝皮肤细胞程序出错→轻轻摩擦就长湿疹,但长大后会自己好转。
13.
DeDe宝 (2025-09-01 23:42):
#paper doi: //doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1765-24.2025, 2025, A Neural Compass in the Human Brain during Naturalistic Virtual Navigation. JN 在动态导航过程中维持面朝向是(facing direction, FD)有效导航的重要基础,但人类的相关脑机制尚未被完全解析。在本研究中,研究者通过fMRI技术记录了参与者在虚拟城市中执行导航任务时的大脑活动,以识别与FD相关的脑区。研究使用三个编码模型分析FD信号。首先,通过motion energy model剔除与运动相关的干扰信号。然后,通过FD-adaptation model提取和FD-adaptation效应(当被试持续面向同一方向时,大脑中的某些区域会出现适应效应,即BOLD信号会减少)相关的ROI。最后,用FD activation model同时检验与FD-adaptation、FD activation都相关的脑区。编码模型分析显示,RSC和SPL中的体素簇表现出可靠的方向调节。而且,这些区域的方向调节在不同任务阶段、不同环境和不同时间段都保持一致性,说明这些脑区与FD 密切相关。此外,模型权重分析表明,人类被试的FD可能通过与主轴(东西南北)的角度差表示。这些发现揭示了人类大脑中使我们能够在自然动态导航过程中保持方向感的特定机制。
Abstract:
A central component of wayfinding is the ability to maintain a consistent representation of one's facing direction (FD) when moving about the world. In rodents, head direction cells are believed … >>>
A central component of wayfinding is the ability to maintain a consistent representation of one's facing direction (FD) when moving about the world. In rodents, head direction cells are believed to support this “neural compass,” but identifying a similar mechanism in humans during dynamic naturalistic navigation has been challenging. To address this issue, we acquired fMRI data from male and female human participants while they freely navigated through a virtual reality city. Encoding model analyses revealed voxel clusters in the posterior–medial cortex (the “retrosplenial complex”) and superior parietal lobule that exhibited reliable tuning as a function of FD. Crucially, these directional tunings were consistent across perceptually different versions of the city, spatially separated locations within the city, and motivationally distinct phases of the behavioral task. Analysis of the model weights indicated that these regions represent a broad range of possible FDs and that they do so by representing heading relative to the principal axis of the environment. These findings reveal specific mechanisms in the human brain that allow us to maintain a sense of direction during naturalistic, dynamic navigation. <<<
翻译
14.
少颖-focus reverse aging (2025-09-01 20:30):
# Paper Robotic DNA Nanostructures -------------------- 杂志:ACS publications ----------------------- DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00235 -------------------------- 推荐理由:这篇文章介绍了一种特殊的纳米机器人,它是一种DNA,以及这种纳米机器人如何控制,让我感触到科学家们的脑洞是真的优秀,以后研发纳米机器人又多了一条思路,用DNA做纳米机器人,让我举一反十,我认为万物都有可能成为纳米机器人,这个认知为我们未来研发纳米机器人提供更多可能。
回到顶部