当前共找到 3 篇文献分享。
1.
刘昊辰
(2025-05-10 11:40):
#paper doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35288-2, The Application of AlphaZero to Wargaming. 这是一篇关于尝试将AlphaZero应用于军事推演游戏 “珊瑚海”，以实现推演自动化的研究论文。军事推演与传统棋盘游戏的差异包括问题表示、游戏不对称、战略深度。通过监督学习引导AlphaZero，结合启发式知识和 MCTS 探索，可有效应对挑战，训练出的模型表现优于训练所用的启发式策略，且计算时间更短。
Abstract:
No abstract available.
2.
DeDe宝
(2025-05-09 11:47):
#paper doi.org/10.7554/eLife.100287.4, Elife, Stimulus representation in human frontal cortex supports flexible control in working memory. 工作记忆不仅有存储功能，还有指导决策的功能。然而，这些功能通过哪些脑区实现尚无定论。一方面，一些研究认为视觉相关的工作记忆一般在视觉处理相关脑区进行，但一些研究在前额叶同样检测到特定的工作记忆相关的表征。在这个研究中，研究者提出了一个复杂的工作记忆实验，要求被试在低认知需求的复现任务和高认知需求的分类任务之间快速变化，并用fMRI测量整个大脑的活动模式（重点关注早期视觉皮层、顶内沟以及前额叶皮层）。结果表明，相比于低认知需求的任务，在高认知需求的任务中，只有前额叶皮层表现出更强的刺激表征，且强度与被试的表现相关。这说明了前额叶皮层能够随着任务需求和目标的变化灵活地调整其在工作记忆中的作用。
eLife,
2025-4-24.
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.100287.4
Abstract:
When holding visual information temporarily in working memory (WM), the neural representation of the memorandum is distributed across various cortical regions, including visual and frontal cortices. However, the role of …
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When holding visual information temporarily in working memory (WM), the neural representation of the memorandum is distributed across various cortical regions, including visual and frontal cortices. However, the role of stimulus representation in visual and frontal cortices during WM has been controversial. Here, we tested the hypothesis that stimulus representation persists in the frontal cortex to facilitate flexible control demands in WM. During functional MRI, participants flexibly switched between simple WM maintenance of visual stimulus or more complex rule-based categorization of maintained stimulus on a trial-by-trial basis. Our results demonstrated enhanced stimulus representation in the frontal cortex that tracked demands for active WM control and enhanced stimulus representation in the visual cortex that tracked demands for precise WM maintenance. This differential frontal stimulus representation traded off with the newly-generated category representation with varying control demands. Simulation using multi-module recurrent neural networks replicated human neural patterns when stimulus information was preserved for network readout. Altogether, these findings help reconcile the long-standing debate in WM research, and provide empirical and computational evidence that flexible stimulus representation in the frontal cortex during WM serves as a potential neural coding scheme to accommodate the ever-changing environment.
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3.
颜林林
(2025-05-03 22:21):
#paper doi:10.1038/s41431-025-01844-7, Eur J Hum Genet, 2025, The value of large-scale programmes in human genomics. 这是一篇会议总结报告，来自UK-FR-D+ GENE（英法德基因组学和伦理网络）。他们在会议上讨论了在英法德等国开展的大规模基因组项目的价值，从社会、经济、临床、科学和人群等角度，分别论述了这些项目的现状、产生的价值、这些价值评估的不足、引起的潜在问题等。例如，癌症筛查确实可能使小部分人受益，但缺乏更大范围的成本效益评估；再如，PRS（多基因风险评分）的解释度有限（20-40%），可能造成高风险结果的人过度诊断，而低风险结果的人因误解而获得虚假保证。这些讨论整体上是全面的、深入的、且是中肯的，相比很多论文仅在讨论部分不痛不痒地叙述下自身课题“社会经济价值”，要有意义得多。他们在说明对这些大型项目价值评估方面的确存在复杂性，不该一刀切地下定论（该做或不该做），也在此基础上提出了一些关于评估标准的建议，即如果要开展此类项目，应该综合考虑哪些方面和问题。无疑，这些建议对于全世界各国都有重要的参考价值；科研投入，尤其是如此大规模的科研投入，努力精打细算确是应该的。
European Journal of Human Genetics,
2025-5.
DOI: 10.1038/s41431-025-01844-7
Abstract:
No abstract available.