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张德祥
(2022-10-17 20:49):
#paper https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108242 Interoception as modeling, allostasis as control
大脑首先要维持身体的正常状态，还要对将要到来的未来需要提前准备，这需要大脑对身体有建模，大脑对外部世界进行建模，对自身身体也有建模，有关于自我身体的模型，并控制及预测未来身体的需求，比如比赛前的预热、深呼吸。包括管理分泌系统，免疫系统，消化系统等。
心理学家用许多术语来指代内部模型，包括interoception，包括记忆，信念，知觉推理，无意识推理，具身模拟，概念和类别，受控幻觉，预测。
大脑正在预测性地调节身体,这是一个运动控制的问题,而不是感知世界的问题。这是一个沿着期望的轨迹调节身体以实现效率的问题
对身体的调控分两方面，一方面如果提升营养供应，另一方面就要提升废物代谢，这种成对的控制几乎出现在全身的各种调节模式中。
具身决策包括所有三种形式的不确定性,这三种形式的不确定性都受制于非稳态调节:关于生理有效的不确定性,关于运动结果的不确定性,以及关于外部世界的不确定性。
文章提出了非稳态路径积分控制(APIC) Allostatic Path-Integral Control (APIC) 模型。APIC 有一个简单的核心思想:就像知觉概念是身体感觉表面的内部模型一样 15,92,14],行动概念也作为潜在行为及其预测结果的内部模型。
Abstract:
The brain regulates the body by anticipating its needs and attempting to meet them before they arise - a process called allostasis. Allostasis requires a model of the changing sensory …
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The brain regulates the body by anticipating its needs and attempting to meet them before they arise - a process called allostasis. Allostasis requires a model of the changing sensory conditions within the body, a process called interoception. In this paper, we examine how interoception may provide performance feedback for allostasis. We suggest studying allostasis in terms of control theory, reviewing control theory's applications to related issues in physiology, motor control, and decision making. We synthesize these by relating them to the important properties of allostatic regulation as a control problem. We then sketch a novel formalism for how the brain might perform allostatic control of the viscera by analogy to skeletomotor control, including a mathematical view on how interoception acts as performance feedback for allostasis. Finally, we suggest ways to test implications of our hypotheses.
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