2022,
Cancer Gene Therapy.
DOI:
10.1038/s41417-021-00418-1
Use of CAR T-cell for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment: a review study
Mohsen Sheykhhasan
, Hamed Manoochehri
, Paola Dama
Abstract:
Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer-specific lymphoid cell. Induction and consolidation chemotherapy alone or in combination with different therapeutic approaches remain the main treatment. Although complete or partial remission of the disease can be achieved, the risk of relapse or refractory leukemia is still high. More effective and safe therapy options are yet unmet needs. In recent years’ new therapeutic approaches have been widely used. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) presents significant limitations and the outcome of the consolidation treatment is patient dependent. Side effects such as Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are extremely common, therefore, using alternative methods to address these challenges for treatment seems crucial. In the last decade, T cells genetically engineered with Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) treatment for the ALL are largely studied and represent the new era of strategy. According to the Phase I/II clinical trials, this technology results seem very promising and can be used in the next future as an effective and safe treatment for ALL treatment. In this review different generations, challenges, and clinical studies related to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells for ALL treatment are discussed.
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2022-12-31 13:02:00
小年:
#paper doi: 10.1038/s41417-021-00418-1. Use of CAR T-cell for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment: a review study. Cancer Gene Ther. 2022. 急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是一种癌症特异性淋巴细胞。近年来，新的治疗方法得到了广泛的应用。造血干细胞移植（HSCT）存在显着的局限性。虽然可以实现疾病的完全或部分缓解，但复发/难治性（R/R）AML患者的预后较差，移植后复发率高，需要新药物和新方案改善这类患者的长期生存。因此，使用替代方法来解决这些治疗挑战似乎至关重要。在过去十年中，用嵌合抗原受体（CAR）治疗ALL的基因工程T细胞得到了广泛的研究。根据I/II期临床试验，这项技术结果似乎非常有希望，可以在未来用作ALL治疗的有效和安全的治疗方法。
在本综述中，讨论了与嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞用于ALL治疗相关的不同世代，挑战和临床研究，具体通过CAR-T细胞制造和治疗、靶向抗原、临床试验、CAR-T毒性、CAR-T治疗的优势、CAR-T细胞疗法的挑战、克服挑战的策略等方面。文中指出，当前研究和未来调查的核心部分集中在鉴定新的靶标抗原和当前可用靶标的新组合上，一个主要的挑战是选择更好的临床前研究来识别潜在的组合。此外，探索抗原损失机制和确定克服策略对于研究目的至关重要，克服肿瘤微环境中的T细胞功能抑制剂可以加速CAR-T细胞产品的开发和进步。