(2023-06-30 23:50):
#paper doi: 10.3168/jds.2022-22540. Effect of diets enriched in n-6 or n-3 fatty acid on dry matter intake, energy balance, oxidative stress, and milk fat profile of transition cows. 这篇文献表明增加日粮中n-3 PUFA的含量可以增加过渡期奶牛的DMI和产后的产奶量。与产后补充饲喂n-6 PUFA相比,补充饲喂n-3 PUFA能更有效地缓解产后净能量平衡。同时补充饲喂n-3 PUFA可以降低牛乳中n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA的比例,该作者推测这可能是生产有益于人体健康食物的一种策略。
IF:3.700Q2 Journal of dairy science, 2023-Aug. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22540 PMID: 37296049
Effect of diets enriched in n-6 or n-3 fatty acids on dry matter intake, energy balance, oxidative stress, and milk fat profile of transition cows
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Abstract:
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and n-6 PUFA on dry matter intake (DMI), energy balance, oxidative stress, and performance of transition cows. Forty-five multiparous Holstein dairy cows with similar parity, body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), and milk yield were used in a completely randomized design during a 56-d experimental period including 28 d prepartum and 28 d postpartum. At 240 d of pregnancy, cows were randomly assigned to one of the 3 isoenergetic and isoprotein dietary treatments, including a control ration containing 1% hydrogenated fatty acid (CON), a ration with 8% extruded soybean (HN6, high n-6 PUFA source), and a ration with 3.5% extruded flaxseed (HN3; high n-3 PUFA source). The HN6 and HN3 diets had an n-6/n-3 ratio of 3.05:1 and 0.64:1 in prepartum cows and 8.16:1 and 1.59:1 in postpartum cows, respectively. During the prepartum period (3, 2, and 1 wk before calving), DMI, DMI per unit of BW, total net energy intake, and net energy balance were higher in the HN3 than in the CON and NH6 groups. During the postpartum period (2, 3, and 4 wk after calving), cows fed HN3 and HN6 diets both showed increasing DMI, DMI as a percentage of BW, and total net energy intake compared with those fed the CON diet. The BW of calves in the HN3 group was 12.91% higher than those in the CON group. Yield and nutrient composition of colostrum (first milking after calving) were not affected by HN6 or HN3 but milk yield from 1 to 4 wk of milking was significantly improved compared with CON. During the transition period, BW, BCS, and BCS changes were not affected. Cows fed the HN6 diet had a higher plasma NEFA concentration compared with the CON cows during the prepartum period. Feeding HN3 reduced the proportion of de novo fatty acids and increased the proportion of preformed long-chain fatty acids in regular milk. In addition, the n-3 PUFA-enriched diet reduced the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in milk. In conclusion, increasing the n-3 fatty acids concentration in the diet increased both DMI during the transition period and milk production after calving, and supplementing n-3 fatty acids was more effective in mitigating the net energy balance after calving.
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